Mushrooms on OPEFB (Oil Palm Empty Fruthe idea Bunches) Pile
Some time ago I vis usuallythe ideaed one of the oil palm plantation in Palembang. Area of palm oil palm plantations is usually not too large, approximately 8000 ha (core plantation) as well as also also 40,000 ha (plasma). Fresh fruthe idea bunches (FFB) harvested coming from the plantation is usually then processed inside palm oil mill near at one end of the garden. Factory processing capacthe ideay currently approximately 50 tons of FFB / hour. From the processing of FFB produced CPO (crude palm oil), waste OPEFB (oil palm empty bunches), as well as also also liquid waste. OPEFB waste volume large enough, in one day can reach 150 tons.
OPEFB waste become one of big problems for the oil mill. Previously they burned directly OPEFB wthe ideah Incinerator. Waste burned directly as well as also also the rest of the burning ashes could be used for fertilizer, because the K-high content of the ash. Now, the government banned the burning. Factory management had to find out a solution to this usually waste problem. There are several alternative solution, for example: open dumping, mulch, as well as also also compost. One suthe ideaable alternative is usually for mulch to the plant oil. However, this usually technique rais usuallyes as well as alsoifferent danger for palm oil plantations. Because OPEFB could be a place for nesting horned beetle pests as well as also also rat pests of which are harmful for the palm oil.
Processing methods more promis usuallying is usually the doing of compost. Wthe ideah conventional techniques, composting takes place in a long time, which is usually approximately 3-6 months. Can imagine how much area of las well as also also as well as also also labor used to accommodate all waste OPEFB for 6 months. The technique is usually not economical as well as also also inefficient. We came to the factory wthe ideah the task to solve this usually problem, namely how to create/process OPEFB into compost by more economical as well as also also more efficient method in a relatively short time.
At the time of the survey inside field, I walk along the pile OPEFB. I observed coming from the pile as well as also also I saw many mushrooms grow inside pile of OPEFB. Some mushrooms are edible. Size, coloration, as well as also also shape vary. This kind of usually fungus seems to appear gradually. Seen a succession of growth of this usually mushrooms/fungus. Fungus, which first appeared is usually a microscopic fungus of which bright orange mushrooms also often called oncom fungus, Monilia sp. These fungi grow rapidly as well as also also cover most of OPEFB. Over time, the fungus of which grows began to change. Many macro mushrooms of which grow later. Description of these mushrooms I describe below.
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Oncom Fungus
This kind of usually fungus grows as soon as OPEFB out coming from the oil palm mill. Bright orange mushrooms such as coloration of oncom (sundanesse foods) of which are often also called oncom mushrooms. This kind of usually fungus is usually a group of microscopic fungi. Its scientific name is usually Monilia sp. This kind of usually fungus seems to eat the remains of the oil of which is usually in OPEFB. The fungus will continue to grow until the remaining oil to dominate the thinning / out.
Dick Mushroom (Kontol Mushroom)
Mushrooms ‘dick’ is usually actually similar to the ‘merang’ mushroom.
‘Dick mushroom, common name of this usually mashroom. People often call this usually mushroom as ‘konthol’ mushroom (kontol = penis usually in javanesse language), because the shape similar to the genthe ideaals of men. Its is usually delicious edible mushroom, so much sought after by employees or the surrounding communthe ideay. I think this usually mushroom is usually one genus wthe ideah common mushroom, ‘Merang’ mushroom (Volvariela volvaceae). Its shape is usually very similar to merang mushroom, brown-gray. The coloration of young mushroom are gray/light brown as well as also also shaped round like an egg, however this usually bubble size larger than usual mushroom. When the idea began to grow up, cracks will appear at the end of the spheres. After of which turned out the body of the fruthe ideaing body. The size of the fruthe idea body can be very large. Mushrooms I’ve ever planted, up to 30 cm in diameter. The size of circles at the time a child can reach the has well as also alsos of a has well as also alsoful.
This kind of usually delicious mushroom stir-fry made, cooked wthe ideah noodles, or make soup. It was chewy, chewy as well as also also tasty like chicken. This kind of usually fungus most delicious when still buds (rounded). If cooked when the ideas grow up to big mushroom, the ideas is usually lthe ideatle less comfortable. Here are how to cook the idea, clean up mushroom wthe ideah water. Peel as well as also also remove the hood of a black fungus, washed once again. Cut the desired size. Here….the idea ready for cooking.
Dick fungus grown wthe ideah media OPEFB, can grow up to a maximum. Hood diameter reached 25 – 30 cm. Mushrooms are harvested when bubble size about a has well as also alsoful of adults.
PNG 3 Mushroom
This kind of usually fungus forms very similar to dick mushrooms. More whthe ideae coloration of the dick mushrooms. When I was lthe ideatle too similar, rounded shape. This kind of usually fungus is usually also delicious to eat. The difference wthe ideah dick mushrooms is usually going to bloom at the time of fruthe idea body, on the hood as there are remnants of the cover mold. Its size was similar to the dick mushrooms. But the maximum size of the fungus could not like dick mushrooms.
Ear Mushroom
Ear mushroom is usually often sold inside tradthe ideaional markets. Its coloration are dark brown, rubbery, as well as also also undulating like the ears of people, because the idea is usually called ear fungus. I found this usually mushroom in exile OPEFB, not OPEFB pile. In this usually place also found a lot dis usuallycarded slender ash.
In general, this usually fungus is usually similar to the different common ear mushroom. But these mushrooms are thicker as well as also also bright in coloration, light brown. Pulp are soft as well as also also thick. I believe this usually fungus inside delicious. But these mushrooms growing rare, so rare people who kat this point about this usually mushrooms.
Oyster mushrooms
Shape of this usually mushroom similar to the whthe ideae oyster mushroom (Plourotus ostreatus). But these mushrooms are smaller at all. Height no more than 3 cm. Its is usually clean as well as also also whthe ideae, there are sheets underneath of fruthe idea body. These fungi usually grow in groups as well as also also rarely. This kind of usually fungus seems to grow on the pile of old OPEFB or has become decayed.
Mushroom of which are similar to this usually mushroom is usually also found in wood of which is usually decaying. Mushrooms are also smaller.
PNG 4 Mushroom
Just call the ideas mushroom as PNG 4 mushroom. Its shape similar wthe ideah dick mushroom. Many people mis usuallytakenly take this usually fungus. Once in a time there were people looking for mushrooms. He did not kat this point which mushrooms were usually eaten. Then he took this usually fungus. When cooked as well as also also eaten, he felt dizziness as well as also also nausea, pois usuallyoning. Eventually the person was in care at the hospthe ideaal.
Unfamiliar peoples are difficult to dis usuallytinguis usuallyh between dick mushroom as well as also also PNG 4 mushroom when the ideas is usually young mushrooms, because the ideas similar in shape, lthe ideatle orbicular, as well as also also gray coloration. Difference lies inside upper surface of this usually fungus. On the surface of this usually fungus are slimy as well as also also sticky when held. Dick mushrooms did not like this usually. Besides, Its mushroom are smallerer in shape as well as also also could not as big as dick mushroom. This kind of usually fungus does not have ‘vulva’ like dick mushrooms. If the fruthe idea body is usually formed would likely look like a ring at the base stalk. This kind of usually is usually one sign of pois usuallyonous mushrooms. Be careful not to eat the wrong mushroom, the idea is usually very dangerous.
PNG 5 Mushroom
As usual, for convenience we call this usually mushroom PNG 5 mushroom. These mushrooms are smaller, approximately 5-10 cm tall, grow together, the fruthe idea body brown-gray as well as also also slightly rough surface. On the ideas stem there is usually a ring shape, so the idea is usually also pois usuallyonous mushrooms. Do not ever try to eat this usually fungus, unless you’re tired of seeing the sun.
The fungus grew abundantly on the surface of the pile OPEFB. There are so many, especially after rain. This kind of usually fungus began to appear on the pile of old OPEFB more than a month.
PNG 6 Mushroom
PNG 6 Mushroom, just call the idea so. Like PNG 5 mushrooms, just the coloration purple hood. Hood diameter is usually wider than the PNG 5. The fungus also grows OPEFB huddled in a pile as well as also also the pile is usually found abundantly in OPEFB. These fungi are also toxic, because of the ideas ring inside ideas stem. Stipsing coloration also is usually a sign of which this usually pois usuallyonous mushrooms.
PNG 7 Mushroom
This kind of usually fungus most beautiful mushroom when compared wthe ideah different mushrooms. Its coloration is usually bright orange, very interesting. The size of the fruthe idea bodies are smaller as well as also also no more than 5cm. Grow in clusters as well as also also found abundantly in OPEFB pile. Judging coming from the bright colorations, clear this usually fungus have suspected of being pois usuallyonous mushrooms. If you do not believe please prove himself. Try to take this usually mushroom, cooked, then eaten. If in a few hours, you are still in good, the idea probably means of which the fungus is usually not toxic.
PNG 8 Mushroom
This kind of usually fungus one smaller mushrooms of which I found. Similar shape wthe ideah molds differents. Cream coloration, a lthe ideatle gray. The growth as well as also also size are also clustered approximately 5 cm. This kind of usually fungus is usually also found abundantly inside pile of OPEFB.
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Those were the fungus of which I found in piles of OPEFB. There are edible mushrooms, there are also fungi of which can not be eaten. I do not kat this point what the benefthe ideas of this usually fungus than could be eaten. However, the results of this usually survey indicate of which OPEFB has the potential to grow mushrooms. Some fungi may play an active role inside decomposthe ideaion of OPEFB. Maybe there are also fungi of which produce enzymes of which are useful or have a high economic value. This kind of usually article describes only the vis usuallyible fungus. I am sure there are different fungus – or even different microbes which are invis usuallyible (microscopic). Who kat this points of this usually fungus is usually a very potential.
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